Double Cone Blender- Principle, Construction, Diagram, Working and Important Applications 2023

Double_Cone_Blender

Double Cone Blender-Principle, Construction, Diagram, Working, Applications Mixing is one of the most common pharmaceutical operations. It is difficult to find a pharmaceutical product in which mixing is not done at one stage or the other during its manufacturing. Double Cone Blender is one of the commonly used equipment for mixing ingredients. Principle of Double … Read more

MPSC Pharmacist Exam Syllabus

MPSC_Pharmacist_exam_syllabus

MPSC Pharmacist Exam Syllabus MPSC Pharmacist Exam Syllabus: Syllabus for the post of Pharmacist in Government Medical College, Maharashtra Medical Education & Research Service Group-B Standard: Degree Total Marks: 100 Medium: English No. of Question: 100 Nature of Paper: Objective Type Duration: One Hour Eligibility for MPSC Pharmacist Exam Possess a Bachelor’s Degree in Pharmacy … Read more

Filtration in Pharmaceuticals PPT PDF

Filtration in Pharmaceuticals

Filtration in Pharmaceuticals Filtration in Pharmaceuticals is a common operation widely employed in the production of sterile products, bulk drugs, and a liquid oral formulation. The suspension of solid and liquid to be filtered is known as the slurry. The porous medium used to retain the solids is described as the filter medium; the accumulation … Read more

Drying in Pharmaceuticals PDF

Freeze Dryer

Drying in Pharmaceuticals PDF Drying in Pharmaceuticals is often a final step in the production of pharmaceutical products. The drying process involves a source of heat and a facility to remove the produced vapors. In the majority of pharmaceutical intermediates or finished products the solvent removed is water. In the pharmaceutical industry, final product quality … Read more

Freeze Dryer’s Principle Construction Working

Freeze Dryer

Principle, Construction, Working of Freeze Dryer Read Principle, Construction, Working of Freeze Dryer, Advantages Disadvantages of Freeze Dryer, Steps involved in Freeze Dryer Freeze drying is also called lyophilization, is a process in which water is frozen, followed by its removal from the sample, initially by sublimation followed by desorption. The equipment used to dry … Read more

Principle, Construction, Working of Fluidized Bed Dryer

Fluidized bed dryer

Principle, Construction, Working of Fluidized Bed Dryer A fluidized bed dryer (FBD) is well known and widely used equipment in pharmaceutical manufacturing. It is used in the granulation process to attain desired moisture levels in the granules or powders required for the perfect compression of tablet formulations. Conventional FBDs include batch fluidized bed dryer, semi-continuous … Read more

Size Reduction Notes PDF

Size Reduction

Size Reduction Notes PDF

D. Pharmacy (ER 2020)

Pharmaceutical powders are classified as monodispersed (particles of the same size) as well as polydispersed (particles of different sizes). Particles of monodispersed type are ideal for pharmaceutical applications whereas polydispersed powders create considerable difficulties in their processing for the production of dosage forms. In order to obtain uniform size particles, powders are to be reduced in their size by size reduction. Size reduction involves techniques to create new surfaces and increase surface area by adding energy proportional to the bonds holding the feed particles together. Read Size Reduction Notes PDF…

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Pharmaceutical Aids Notes

Pharmaceutical Aids

Pharmaceutical Aids Notes pdf

D Pharmacy Notes

Pharmaceutical aids

Pharmaceutical aids can be defined as inert substances which have no or little pharmacological effect but are essential to be used in the preparation of pharmaceutical dosage forms. These substances may be required to perform certain functions during successful manufacturing, storage and transportation, and use of pharmaceutical products. These aids may remain in the final product, do not exert any specific action on the body upon administration of the product, or are removed during processing.

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Pharmaceutical Packaging Materials Notes

packaging materials

Download Pharmaceutical Packaging Materials Notes pdf

D.Pharmacy ER 2020

In this Pharmaceutical Packaging Materials Notes following topics are covered:

  • Types of packaging materials
  • Types of Package: Primary package, secondary package, tertiary package
  • Components of packaging materials
  • Advantages of packaging materials
  • Selection criteria of packaging materials
  • Details of packaging materials: Glass, Plastic, Metals, and Rubber

Pharmaceutical Packaging is an integral part of pharmaceutical products.

“An article or device which contains the pharmaceutical product and the container may or may not be in direct contact with the product.”

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New D.Pharmacy Syllabus 2022

New D.Pharmacy Syllabus

New D.Pharmacy Syllabus 2022 From the academic year 2021-22, the Pharmacy Council of India (PCI) has implemented a new D.Pharmacy Syllabus as per education regulations 2020 (ER 2020) for Diploma in Pharmacy throughout the country. ER 2020 has replaced the previous ER 1991. Many subjects have undergone significant changes in the new syllabus concerning modern … Read more

Hospital Formulary MCQ Quiz

Hospital_Formulary_MCQ’s
Attempt Hospital Formulary MCQ Quiz with answers

A drug formulary is a continually updated list of medications and related information, representing the clinical judgment of pharmacists, physicians, and other experts in the diagnosis and treatment of disease and promotion of health. It is often described as an inventory of medicines routinely stocked by the health care system.

The formulary was developed by hospitals in the 1950s as a management tool. It was initially wont to assure that physicians had an adequate and consistent supply of medicines for his or her day-to-day needs.

A key purpose of the formulary was to discourage the utilization of marginally effective drugs and treatments.

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Carbohydrates MCQs

Carbohydrates mcq

Carbohydrates MCQs

Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones, or compounds that produce them on hydrolysis. The term sugar is applied to carbohydrates soluble in water and sweet to taste. Carbohydrates are the major dietary energy sources, besides their involvement in cell structure and various other functions.


Carbohydrates Types

Carbohydrates are broadly classified into 3 groups—monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides. The monosaccharides are further divided into different categories based on the presence of functional groups (aldoses or ketoses) and the number of carbon atoms (trioses, tetroses, pentoses, hexoses, and heptoses).

Functions of carbohydrates

Carbohydrates participate in a wide range of functions


1. They are the most abundant dietary source of energy (4Cal/g) for all organisms.


2. Carbohydrates are precursors for many organic compounds (fats, amino acids).


3. Carbohydrates (as glycoproteins and glycolipids) participate in the structure of cell membrane and cellular functions such as cell growth, adhesion, and fertilization.


4. They are structural components of many organisms. These include the fiber (cellulose) of plants, the exoskeleton of some insects, and the cell wall of microorganisms.


5. Carbohydrates also serve as the storage form of energy (glycogen) to meet the immediate energy demands of the body.

Epimers

If two monosaccharides differ from each other in their configuration around a single specific carbon (other than anomeric) atom, they are referred to as epimers to each other.

Enantiomers

Enantiomers are a special type of stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other.

Tautomerization

The process of shifting a hydrogen atom from one carbon atom to another to produce enediols is known as tautomerization.

Mutarotation

Mutarotation is defined as the change in the specific optical rotation representing the interconversion of α and β forms of D-glucose to an equilibrium mixture.

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5 ड्रग डिजास्टर्स जिनके बारे में आपको पता होना चाहिए-Top 5 Drug Disaster’s You Should Know About

Top 5 Drug disaster

5 ड्रग डिजास्टर्स के बारे में आपको पता होना चाहिए

दवा आपदा (Drug Disaster), एक दवा के रोगियों के लिए बाजार में पहुंचने के बाद होने वाले बीमार या खतरनाक प्रभाव है। कई बार कुछ बेहद हानिकारक अवांछनीय प्रभावों के कारण किसी दवा को वापस लेना या प्रतिबंधित करना पड़ता है।

तकनीकी रूप से, एक दवा (Drug) एक रासायनिक पदार्थ है जिसका उपयोग मनुष्यों या जानवरों में किसी भी बीमारी की स्थिति के उपचार, रोकथाम, शमन, इलाज के लिए किया जाता है। खाद्य एवं औषधि प्रशासन (एफडीए) की मंजूरी से पहले नई दवाओं की व्यापक जांच की जाती है। एफडीए, 1906 में स्थापित, दवा उत्पादों के नियंत्रण और पर्यवेक्षण के माध्यम से सार्वजनिक स्वास्थ्य की रक्षा और बढ़ावा देने के लिए जिम्मेदार है।

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Size Separation MCQs

Size_Separation_MCQ

Size Separation MCQs

The process of size reduction is followed by size separation of the powdered material. During size reduction, it is not possible to obtain uniform-sized particles. Hence, to separate particles of specified size ‘Size Separation‘ technique is used.

Here Size Separation MCQs are given for self-evaluation purposes. The Size Separation MCQs are based upon the Concept of size separation, Pharmacopoeial standards, methods of size separation, etc.

Also AttemptSize Reduction MCQs (Part 1) & Size Reduction MCQs (Part 2) 

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Size Reduction MCQ’s (Part 2)

Size Reduction

Size Reduction MCQ’s (Part 2)

Size reduction reduces large solid unit masses – vegetables or chemical substances into small unit masses, coarse particles, or fine particles. Size reduction is usually employed in pharmaceutical industries. The size reduction process is additionally mentioned as Comminution and Grinding.

Attempt following Size Reduction MCQ’s

Also AttemptSize Reduction MCQs (Part 1) & Size Separation MCQs
Read Size Reduction Notes

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दुनिया की 5 सबसे महंगी दवाएं- Top 5 Costliest Drugs in the World

Costliest Drugs in World

Read in English लागत अधिक क्यों है? किसी भी दवा के विकास के लिए बहुत समय, प्रयास और करोड़ों रुपये की आवश्यकता होती है। यदि रोग की स्थिति दुर्लभ है, तो इसे ‘Orpharn Disease’ भी कहा जाता है, जो आबादी के केवल एक छोटे प्रतिशत को प्रभावित करता है। तब अत्यधिक विशिष्ट ‘Orphan Drug’ का … Read more